Then comes an important new argument. A clergyman, Malthus, had shown that in human populations the birth rate was greater than was needed to maintain the number of the people if all the children survived. So the population was always tending to increase. But this increase was held in check by factors like famine and disease.

해석

Then comes an important new argument.

그때 하나의 중요한 새로운 주장이 나왔다.

A clergyman, Malthus, had shown that in human populations the birth rate was greater than was needed to maintain the number of the people if all the children survived.

목사인 맬더스는 인구에 있어서 만일 모든 어린이가 생존한다면 출생률이 사람의 수를 유지하는 데 필요한 것 보다 훨씬 높음을 보여주었다.

So the population was always tending to increase.

그래서 인구는 늘 증가하는 경향이 있었다.

But this increase was held in check by factors like famine and disese.

그러나 이러한 증가는 기아나 질병과 같은 요인들에 의해서 저지되었다.

※ be held in check

저지되다

※ famine

기아

※ adaptation [dəptéiʃ(ə)n]

① [환경․목적 등에의] 적합, 적응, 순응, 응용

② 적응시킨 것, 개작[물]; 각색, 번안

ex) This is an adaptation from a Russian novel.

이것은 러시아 소설을 번안한 것이다.

③【생물】적응

④【생리】순응

※ extermination [ekstrminéiʃ(ə)n]

근절, 박멸, 전멸, 구제